龙门石窟官网的外文介绍在哪里找？
龙门石窟英文介绍 The Longmen Grottoes (ch. 龙门石窟, lóngmén shíkū; lit. Dragon's Gate Grottoes) or Longmen Caves are located 12 km south of present day Luòyáng in Hénán province, China. The grottoes, which overw…
龙门石窟英文介绍
The Longmen Grottoes (ch. 龙门石窟, lóngmén shíkū; lit. Dragon's Gate Grottoes) or Longmen Caves are located 12 km south of present day Luòyáng in Hénán province, China. The grottoes, which overwhelmingly depict Buddhist subjects, are densely dotted along the two mountains: Xiangshan (to the east) and Longmenshan (to the west). The Yi River flows northward between them. For this reason, the area used to be called Yique (The Gate of the Yi River). From north to south, the distance covered by grottoes is about one km. Along with the Mogao Caves and Yungang Grottoes, the Longmen Grottoes are one of the three most famous ancient sculptural sites in China. There are over 2100 niches, more than 100,000 statues, some 40 pagodas and 3600 tablets and steles in the caves of Guyang, Binyang and Lianhua.希望帮到你啦~
洛阳龙门石窟的英文介绍
The Longmen Grottoes are located in the south of Luoyang City.They are between Mount Xiang and Mount Longmen and face Yi River.Longmen Grottoes,Yungang Caves and Mogao Caves are regarded as the three most famous treasure houses of stone inscriptions in China.
The grottoes were started around the year 493 when Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534) moved the capital to Luoyang and were continuously built during the 400 years until the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127).The scenery measures 1,000 metres (about 1,094 yards) from north to south where there are over 2,300 holes and niches,2,800 steles,40 dagobas,1,300 caves and 100,000 statues.Most of them are the works of the Northern Wei Dynasty and the flourishing age of the Tang Dynasty (618-907).Lots of historical materials concerning art,music,religion,calligraphy,medicine,costume and architecture are kept in Longmen Grottoes.
Fengxian Temple
Fengxian Temple was built in the Tang Dynasty and it is the largest grotto in Longmen Temple with a width of 36 metres (about 118 feet) and a length of 41 metres (about 136 feet).There are nine major figures of various facial appearances and temperaments in the temple that were built in accordance with the Buddhist rite and their relationships by the artists.
The most impressive figure is the statue of Vairocana Buddha sitting cross-legged on the eight-square lotus throne.It is 17.14 metres (about 56.23 feet) in total height with the head four metres (about 13 feet) in height and the ears 1.9 metres (about 6.2 feet) in length.Vairocana means illuminating all things in the sutra.The Buddha has a well-filled figure,a sacred and kindly expression and an elegant smile.According to the record on the epigraph,the Empress Wu Zetian together with her subjects took part in the ceremony of Introducing the Light (a Buddhist blessing that the Buddha opens the spiritual light of himself and shares it with others).
At the sides of Vairocana there are two statues of Vairocana Buddha's disciples,Kasyapa and Ananda,wearing prudent and devout expressions.The figures of Bodhisattvas and devas can also be found in the temple.Some have dignified and genial expressions,while others are majestic and fiery.The various appearances and delicate designs are the representations of Empire Tang's powerful material and spiritual strength as well as the high crystallization of people's wisdoms.
Wanfo Cave
The Longmen Grottoes (ch.龙门石窟,lóngmén shíkū; lit.Dragon's Gate Grottoes) or Longmen Caves are located 12 km south of present day Luòyáng in Hénán province,China.The grottoes,which overwhelmingly depict Buddhist subjects,are densely dotted along the two mountains:Xiangshan (to the east) and Longmenshan (to the west).The Yi River flows northward between them.For this reason,the area used to be called Yique (The Gate of the Yi River).From north to south,the distance covered by grottoes is about one km.Along with the Mogao Caves and Yungang Grottoes,the Longmen Grottoes are one of the three most famous ancient sculptural sites in China.There are over 2100 niches,more than 100,000 statues,some 40 pagodas and 3600 tablets and steles in the caves of Guyang,Binyang and Lianhua.
Wanfo Cave,completed in 680,is a typical chronological cave of the Tang Dynasty of two rooms and square flat roofs.Its name is due to the 15,000 small statues of Buddha chiseled in the southern and northern walls of the cave.The main Buddha Amida sits on the lotus Sumeru throne,having a composed and solemn face.The wall behind Amida is carved with 54 lotuses upon which there are 54 Bodhisattvas in different shapes and with various expressions.
In addition,there are lifelike reliefs of pretty and charming singers and dancers on the wall.The singers are accompanied by various kinds of instruments and the dancers dance lightly and gracefully to the music.The whole model in the cave has created a lively and cheerful atmosphere.On the southern wall outside the cave is carved a statue of Kwan-yin of 85 centimetres (about 33 inches) in height,holding a pure bottle in the left hand and deer's tails (as a symbol of brushing off the dust in spirit) in the right hand.This figure is well designed and is regarded as an example of Bodhisattva statues of Tang Dynasty in Longmen.
洛阳龙门石窟介绍
龙门石窟是中国四大石窟之一，另外三大石窟为：云冈石窟、敦煌莫高窟和麦积山石窟。
位于洛阳市城南，龙门石窟是历代皇室贵族发愿造像最集中的地举隐方，它是皇家意志和行为的体现。北魏和唐代的造像反映出迥然不同的时代风格笑答轮。
龙门石窟也是书法艺术史是宝藏。著名的书法精品龙门二十品，是后代碑拓鉴赏家从龙门石窟众多的石刻造像题记中精选出来的书法极品。
扩展资料：
龙门石窟延续时间长，跨越朝代多，以大量的实物形象和文字资料从不同侧面反映了中国古代政治、经济、宗教、文化等许多领域的发展变化，对中国石窟艺术的创新与发展作出了重大贡献。2000年被联合国科教文组织列为世界文化遗产。
龙门石窟是佛教文化的艺术表现，但它也折射出当时的政治、经济以及文化时尚。石窟中保留着大量的宗教、美术、建筑、书法、音乐、服饰、医药等方面的实物资料，因此，它是一座大型石刻艺术博物碰信馆。
参考资料来源：百度百科-洛阳龙门石窟
龙门石窟的简介
龙门石窟位于洛阳市城南6公里处的伊阙峡谷间。由于地处都城之南，古代帝王拟己为“真龙天子”，故又称“龙门”。龙门自古为险要关隘，交通要冲，向为兵做余家必争之地。因山青水秀，环境清幽，气候宜人，素为文人墨客观游胜地。又因石质优良，宜于雕刻，故而古人择此而建石窟。这里青山绿水、万象生辉，伊河两岸东西山崖壁上的窟龛星罗棋布、密如蜂房。1961年国务院公布龙门石窟为全国第一批重点文物
保护单位。1982年龙门风景名胜区被公布为全国第一批国家级风景名胜区。2000年11月，联合国教科文组织将龙门石窟列入《世界遗产名录》。2006年1月被中央文明办、建设部、国家旅游局联合授予全国文明风景旅游区。2007年5月被国家旅游局评定为全国首批5A级景区。
龙门石窟开凿于北魏孝文帝迁都洛阳之际（公元493年），之后历经东魏、西魏、北齐、隋、唐、五代的营造，从而形成了南北长达1公里、具有2300余座窟龛、10万余尊造像、2800余运消块碑刻题记的石窟遗存。
龙门石窟是北魏、唐代皇家贵族发愿造像最集中的地方，是皇家意志和行为的体现，具有浓厚的国家宗教色彩。在北魏时期雕凿的众多洞窟中，以古阳洞、宾阳中洞和莲花洞、石窟寺这几个洞窟最有代表价值。其中古阳洞集中了北魏迁都洛阳初期的一批皇室贵族和宫廷大臣的造像，典型地反映出北魏王朝举国崇佛的历史情态。这些形制瑰异、琳琅满目的石刻艺术品，是中国传统文化与域外文明交汇融合的珍贵记录。
唐代龙门石窟的重点洞窟中，以规模宏伟、气势磅礴的大卢舍那像龛群雕最为著名。这座依据《华严经》雕凿的摩崖式佛龛，以雍容大度、气宇非凡的卢舍那佛为中心，用一周极富情态质感的美术群体形象，将佛国世界那种充满了祥和色彩的理想意境表达的淋漓尽致。这组雕像体现了大唐帝国强大的物质力量和精神力量，显示了唐代雕刻艺术的最高成就纯悄滚。
清代武亿曾说：“龙门不仅为石镌佛场，亦古碑林也”。 “龙门二十品”是魏碑体的代表，它基于隶、形于楷，是隶书向楷书的过渡，是后代碑拓鉴赏家从众多的石刻题记中精选出来的魏碑书法精华。康有为在《广艺舟双楫》中称魏碑有“结构天成、笔法跳跃、精神飞动、血肉丰美等十美，他大力提倡学习书法应从龙门二十品入手，给“龙门二十品”以极高的评价。久负盛名的“龙门二十品”和褚遂良的“伊阙佛龛之碑”，分别是中国书法艺术史上魏碑体的珍品和唐楷书体的典范，堪称中国书法艺术之杰作。
龙门石窟延续时间长，跨越朝代多，所处地理位置优越，自然景色优美，更是许多石窟难以比拟的。龙门石窟以大量的实物形象和文字资料从不同侧面反映了中国古代政治、经济、宗教、文化等许多领域的发展变化，对中国石窟艺术的创新与发展做出了重大贡献。
龙门东山掩映在苍松翠柏之中的香山寺，是武周时代封建王朝为安置印度高僧地婆诃罗的遗身而建立的一座佛教寺院。在此后的一百多年中，香山寺法音绵历、香火炽盛，以致中唐时代享誉中外的文化名人白居易，竟以居士情结与如满和尚等人结为“香山九老”，酬唱于该寺的堂上林下、晨烟夕蔼。会昌六年（公元846年）八月，白居易卒于洛阳履道里故居，白居易的亲属，根据他生前的遗嘱，将他葬于龙门香山寺下。今日的白园（白居易墓园），是各界来宾体验大诗人晚年生活的理想之地。
龙门石窟这些洋溢着信仰情感的文化遗存，其极具异域格调的外在形态和充斥着人文意识的内在涵养，是古代社会广大人民对现实世界充满诉求意愿的物质折射。中华民族向往美好生活的精神追求和成效卓绝的创造能力，透过这一遗响千载的人文景观可以得到透彻的解说。
求龙门石窟的简介
世界文化遗产——龙门石窟坐落于素称“十三朝古都”的洛阳城南13公里处的伊河两岸，南北长达1公里。这里两山巍然对峙，伊水中流，形如门阙，故古称伊阙。由于地处都城之南，古代帝王拟已为“真龙天子”，故又称龙门。龙门之称始于隋，中经唐、宋、元、明、清，直至今天仍然沿用。龙门自古为险要关隘，交通要道，向为兵家必争之地。因山清水秀，环境清幽，气候宜人，素为文人墨客观游胜地。又因石质优良，宜于雕刻，故而古人择此建石窟。 龙门石窟始凿于北魏孝文帝迁都洛阳之际，历经东魏、西魏、北齐、隋、唐、五代、宋、明诸朝，断续营造达400余年。其间，以北魏和唐代为两大造像高潮，历时近150年。其他朝代只是零星开凿，且规模较小。龙门两山现存窟龛2345个、造像10万余尊、碑刻题记2800多块，佛塔70多座。在整个石窟中，北魏造像约占1/3，全部在西山，最有代表性的洞窟有古阳洞、宾阳中洞、莲花洞、皇甫公窟、魏字洞、普泰洞、火烧洞、慈香窑等；唐代造像几乎占2/3，大部分在西山，自武则天时转移到东山，最有代表性的洞窟有西山潜溪寺、宾阳南洞、宾阳北洞（以上两洞的洞窟及窟顶装饰完成于北魏，佛像完成于隋和初唐）、敬善寺、摩崖三佛龛、奉先寺大像龛、万佛洞、极南洞和东山擂鼓台三洞、看经寺、高平郡王洞、千手千眼像龛、二莲花洞等。 龙门石窟是中国石窟艺术极为重要的组成部分，是公元5-10世纪中国乃至世界石窟艺术中最为辉煌壮美、璀璨绚烂的篇章，在国内外享有盛誉。两山窟龛造像以数量之多、规模之大、题材多样、雕刻精美、蕴涵丰厚而蜚声中外，以北魏和唐代造像达到艺术的顶峰及匠心独具的皇家风范、中原风格而异于早、晚期石窟，以碑刻题记数量为世界石窟之最而被誉为“古碑林”，以造像内容广涉佛教信仰的众多宗派甚至包括道教的题材也是石窟艺术中所罕见。龙门石窟延续时间长、跨越朝代多，所处地理位置优越，自然景色幽美，更是许多石窟难以比拟的。龙门石窟以大量的实物形象和文字资料从不同侧面反映了中国古代政治、经济、宗教、文化等许多领域的发展变化，对中国石窟艺术的创新与发展做出了重大贡献。龙门石窟的历史、艺术、科学和鉴赏价值，使其成为石窟艺术系列中不可缺少的主要代表作之一，应当受到全人类扰陪的重视和保护。1961年，龙门石窟被中国政府公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位；2000年11月30日，联合国教科文组织第24届世界遗产大会将其列入《世界遗产名录》。 一、 龙门石窟是石窟艺术中典型的皇家风范 龙门石窟是北魏时代继大同云冈石窟之后开辟的又一处国家级的佛教圣地。由于龙门石窟开凿于中古时期多数封建王朝的都下近畿，是皇亲国戚、王公大臣、高级官吏祈福穰灾、发愿造像最集中的地方，也可以说它主要是皇家意志和行为的体现，具有浓厚的封建国家政治色彩。与其说云冈石窟的一些造像盖有“诏有司为石像，令如帝身”之意，那么龙门石窟的不少大型洞窟雕刻则是把封建政权披上宗教的外衣，从宫廷移到了佛场。如古阳洞、宾阳三洞、皇甫公窟、敬善寺、万佛洞、惠简洞、奉先寺大卢舍那像龛、极南洞、高平郡王洞等，都是为皇帝、后妃、王公大臣祈福之所。也正是由于封建统治者的直接参与，才能不惜人力、物力营造出如此规模宏伟而璀璨绚烂的洞窟。所以龙门石窟的兴衰嬗变，不仅反映了公元5～10世纪皇室崇佛信教的盛衰变化，而且因与众多的重要人物和历史事件有关，也在某些侧面披露了当时的政治风云的动向和社会经济态势的发展。龙门石窟这一突出的特征是其它石窟无法匹敌的。 二、龙门石窟是中国历史上繁荣时代雕刻艺术拦嫌的典范之作 龙门石窟的造像，丰富多彩、姿态各异。计有佛像、菩萨像、缓衡蠢罗汉像、天龙八部护法像、佛传故事像、经变故事像、供养人像等。造像组合布局，适度得体、和谐优美；佛及菩萨、弟子等形象的塑造，形神兼备、栩栩如生；刀法运用娴熟流畅，可谓独具匠心、不拘一格。龙门石窟的装饰艺术形式多样，琳琅满目、华贵富丽。藻井由莲花宝盖外绕天衣飘动、裙带当风的供养天人和伎乐天人构成；佛、菩萨的身光、头光，或为火焰纹、或为莲花坐佛、或为伎乐天人等；窟额、龛楣有尖拱、圆拱、盝形、屋形等式样，其上或饰宝相花、忍冬、卷草纹和帷幕、华绳，或雕铺首、金翅鸟、升龙、摩尼宝珠，甚至有的还雕饰供养天人、伎乐天人以及佛传故事等。所有这些无不体现了北魏和唐代佛教盛期的高度艺术水平，堪称中国历史上繁荣时代雕刻艺术的典范之作。 三、 龙门石窟的碑刻题记是一部涵盖多种学科的“石史” 龙门石窟的碑刻题记多达2840余块，凡30多万字。其数量之多，在全国乃至世界各地诸石窟寺中居首位，故有“古碑林”之美誉。其内容主要是出资营造石窟功德主的发愿文，即造像铭记，也有一部分是历代帝王、文人学士等游览龙门留下的题刻 .Mч。Waч.| 回答采纳率:21.8% 2009-03-08 18:25 龙门石窟位于洛阳南郊伊河岸边的龙门石窟是全国重点文物保护单位，我国佛教四大石窟之一，世界著名的艺术宝库。工程浩大，令人叹为观止。在2100多个窟中，今存佛像10万多尊,题记碑刻3600余品，佛塔40余座。
龙门石窟开创于北魏孝文帝太和年间（488年),历经东魏、西魏、北齐、北周、隋、唐，连续大规模营造达四百余年之久.这些石窟雕饰奇伟,冠于当世，与敦煌莫高窟、大同云冈石窟并称为中国三大佛教艺术宝库。旅游须知：参观龙门石窟最好上午去。因上午阳光直照石窟西山，光线充足。便于游人照相摄影。
古阳洞 在龙门山（西山）南部。窟内两壁镌有三列佛龛,其拱额和佛像背光精巧富丽，图案纹饰丰富多彩。供养人像姿态虔诚持重,生动逼真，有运动感。刻品琳琅满目,洞窟内的造像题记，书法质朴古拙，所谓"龙门20品”，19品即在此洞窟内。
宾阳洞 在龙门山（西山）北部。共三洞，中洞为北魏景明元年开凿,主佛释迦牟尼和两个弟子、菩萨，面相清瘦略长,衣纹折迭规整而稠密,体现了北魏造像的艺术特色。宾阳中洞南北两壁为一佛、二菩萨，洞顶雕莲花宝盖和十个迎风飘逸的伎乐供养天人.洞口内壁两侧为大型浮雕,分《维摩变》、《佛本生故事》、《帝后礼佛图》、《十神王像》四层。
莲花洞 在龙门山（西山），建于北魏晚期,主佛释迦牟尼立像,高5.1米,面部和两手已损毁,但仍能看出双手前伸，右边迦叶手持锡杖，可能为“释迦乞食像”。洞中佛龛较多，有尖拱、楣歌功颂德和屋檐拱，有璎珞、帷草帽和华绳，又有云纹、卷草纹和几何图纹，以及莲花、宝相花等，刻工精细，富于变化。窟顶镌刻有一大莲花，其旁的高浮雕大型飞天，更是婀娜多姿，优雅传神。
药方洞 在龙门山（西山）北部。开创于北魏晚期,建成于唐代武则天时,历时约200年。洞内有主佛、弟子、菩萨和洞外的力士，八角莲柱,是龙门石窟中唯一具有北齐造像的较大洞窟.洞口两侧所刻治疗痢疾、反胃、心疼、消渴、温疫等140余种痢疾的药方,为唐初作品。是研究我国古代医药学的重要资料。
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龙门石窟的英文介绍
The Longmen Grottoes, located near Luoyang, Henan Province, are a treasure house of ancient Buddhist cave art. The grottos were hewed and carved during the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), when the rulers relocated their capital at Luoyang near the end of the 5th century. At that time Buddhism was spreading east into China and was venerated by the imperial court. The Buddhists adopted the practice of carving rock temples, dedicated to the Buddha.
The construction of the Longmen Grottoes began in 493 during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen and continued through the successive six dynasties, including Tang and Song, for a span of over 400 years. Altogether there are 1,352 caves, 785 niches, more than 97,000 statues of the Buddha, Bodhisativas, and Arhats, and 3,680 inscribed stone tablets along the 1-km-long cliff of Mt. Longmen on the west and Mt. Xiangshan on the east of the Yihe River south of Luoyang.
One third of these cave sculptures belong to the Northern Wei Dynasty and two thirds to the Tang Dynasty. The style of sculpture, the design of clothing and the facial expression on statues, as well as carving methods show little foreign influence, rather they exhibit the pinnacle of development of Chinese grotto art. The 11 Buddha statues in the Binyang Cave, typical Northern Wei carvings, represent a style in transition from the simple and compact depictions in the Yungang Grottoes of Datong, Shanxi Province, to the vigorous and realistic Tang Dynasty sculptures.
While the cave sculptures of the Tang Dynasty are of a vigorous, elegant and realistic style, the stone statues in Fengxian Cave, carved under the edict of Empress Wuzetian (reigned 690-705), can be considered as the most typical of the period. These are composed of a 17.14-meter-high statue of Vairocana Buddha, and a series of pairs of Bodhisattvas, heavenly kings, protectors and worshippers. The huge statue of Vairocana Buddha is today praised as being the quintessence of Buddhist sculpture in China.
On November 30, 2000, the Longmen Grottoes were approved by the 24th UN Heritage Commission to be put on the List of World Cultural Heritage.
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